Carbon bricks have good thermal stability, low coefficient of thermal expansion, high temperature resistance, and resistance to various acids, alkalis, salts, and organic solvents. However, they are prone to oxidation in an oxidizing atmosphere.
Carbon bricks are dark gray, glossy, and well fired without contaminating hands. When struck with a small hammer, they produce a crisp sound. High refractoriness and load softening temperature, good thermal shock resistance; Not wetted by slag, molten iron, etc., almost not corroded by all acids, bases, salts, and organic drugs, with good slag resistance, high temperature volume stability, high mechanical strength, good wear resistance, and good electrical and thermal conductivity.
In addition, carbon is prone to oxidation, and both the calcination of raw materials and the calcination and use of products must be carried out in a reducing atmosphere.
Carbon bricks are not only widely used in the metallurgical industry, but also in aluminum electrolytic cells. In addition, it is widely used in pickling tanks and electroplating tanks in the electroplating industry, dissolution tanks in the paper industry, reaction tanks and storage tanks in the chemical industry, high-pressure reactors in the petrochemical industry, lining of ferroalloy industrial furnaces (or equipment), acid and alkali tank liners and pipelines, as well as furnace linings for melting non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, lead, tin, etc.
Due to the aforementioned properties of carbon bricks, they are widely used in the construction of blast furnace bottoms and hearths. In recent years, the scope of use has continued to expand, and carbon bricks have also been used for the belly and lower part of the furnace body. It can improve the continuous operation time of the blast furnace and extend its service life.
The performance of refractory materials used for blast furnace hearth is one of the key factors affecting the service life of blast furnace. In the development of refractory materials for blast furnace hearth, one is to improve the performance and structure of carbon bricks, using high thermal conductivity, high purity, and micro porous hot pressed carbon bricks to overcome damage to the hearth caused by factors such as alkali erosion, carbon deposition, and iron infiltration; The second is to use new furnace hearth materials. The "ceramic cup" technology developed by the French company Savoi has been accepted and adopted worldwide. So far, 21 blast furnaces have adopted the "ceramic cup" technology, with a maximum capacity of 5000m3. By 1997, another 11 will be put into use. The significant feature of the "ceramic cup" technology is that it greatly reduces the damage caused by the infiltration of molten iron, reduces heat loss, and moves the 800 ℃ isothermal layer that is prone to carbon brick embrittlement into the ceramic cup masonry layer, eliminating premature damage to the tapping area caused by the increase in molten iron temperature and flow rate, thereby improving the service life of the furnace.
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